Time-dependent discrete road network design with both tactical and strategic decisions

This paper aims to model and investigate the discrete urban road network design problem, using a multi-objective time-dependent decision-making approach. Given a base network made up with two-way links, candidate link expansion projects, and candidate link construction projects, the problem determines the optimal combination of one-way and two-way links, the optimal selection of capacity expansion projects, and the optimal lane allocations on two-way links over a dual time scale. The problem considers both the total travel time and the total CO emissions as the two objective function measures. The problem is modelled using a time-dependent approach that considers a planning horizon of multiple years and both morning and evening peaks. Under this approach, the model allows determining the sequence of link construction, the expansion projects over a predetermined planning horizon, the configuration of street orientations, and the lane allocations for morning and evening peaks in each year of the planning horizon. This model is formulated as a mixed-integer programming problem with mathematical equilibrium constraints. In this regard, two multi-objective metaheuristics, including a modified non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) and a multi-objective B-cell algorithm, are proposed to solve the above-mentioned problem. Computational results for various test networks are also presented in this paper.     

香港花岗岩风化分级化学指标体系与风化壳分带

火成岩的化学风化过程实质上就是碱、碱土金属组分水解淋失与脱硅富铁铝化的地球化学过程。不同风化程度的岩石处于整个化学风化过程的不同阶段,因而具有不同的化学成分和风化度指标。笔者在对香港九龙两个地方5个钻孔共计150件不同深度、不同风化程度的样品化学全分析结果与岩土风化程度宏观判别结果的相互对比、选择和确认的基础上,建立了香港地区花岗岩风化岩土风化程度工程分级的化学指标体系。这一研究成果的提出不仅有利于提高花岗岩风化岩土工程分类的科。学性、可靠性和实用性,而且可以为风化岩土工程特性与风化作用关系研究提供理论依据。     

Spectroscopic and theoretical optical properties of indoleninyl-substituted dibenzotetraaza[14]annulenes

Two new macrocyclic dibenzotetraaza[14]annulene (DBTAA) compounds with indolenine ( 5 ) and pyridoindolenine ( 6 ) moieties were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopy. Both DBTAAs exhibit strong UV-Vis absorption properties in the Soret band region. The theoretical second-order nonlinear optical property, electric dipole moment (μ), dispersion-free dipole polarizability (α) and first hyper-polarizability values were calculated by density functional theory and time dependent density functional theory. The ab-initio quantum mechanical calculation by time-dependent Hartree-Fock method was utilized to investigate the dynamic dipole polarizabilities, dynamic second-order, static, and dynamic third-order (γ) hyper-polarizabilities of the DBTAAs. The configuration interaction technique of all doubly occupied molecular orbitals possesses theoretically defined single-photon absorption (OPA) specifications for the examined structures. The computed maximum OPA wavelengths on both macrocyclic compounds coincide with the preceding measurement outcomes.     

Hybrid Plasma – Prospects for Application in Medicine and Biology

Russian Physics Journal - Different schemes and designs of generators of low-temperature hybrid plasma produced by simultaneous ionization of plasma-generating medium by an electron beam with...     

南极假丝酵母在纳米聚苯乙烯上的共价固载及其在微波辅助酯化反应中的应用（英文）

Nanopolystyrene was used as a solid support for the covalent immobilization of Candida antarctica lipase B(Cal B) using the photoreactive reagent 1‐fluoro‐2‐nitro‐4‐azido benzene(FNAB) as a cou‐pling reagent. The obtained derivative was then used as a biocatalyst in a microwave assisted ester‐ification experiment. Factors such as contact time, pH, and enzyme concentration were investigated during immobilization. The hydrolytic activity, thermal, and operational stability of immobi‐lized‐Cal B were determined. The maximum immobilized yield(218 μg/mg support) obtained at pH 6.8 exhibited optimum hydrolytic activity(4.42 × 103 mU p‐nitrophenol/min). The thermal stability of Cal B improved significantly when it was immobilized at pH 10, however, the immobilized yield was very low(93.6 μg/mg support). The immobilized‐Cal B prepared at pH 6.8 and pH 10 retained 50% of its initial activity after incubation periods of 14 and 16 h, respectively, at 60 °C. The opera‐tional stability was investigated for the microwave assisted esterification of oleic acid with metha‐nol. Immobilized‐Cal B retained 50% of its initial activity after 15 batch cycles in the micro‐wave‐assisted esterification. The esterification time was notably reduced under microwave irradia‐tion. The combined use of a biocatalyst and microwave heating is thus an alternative total green synthesis process.